A drug that is not an opioid. Examples include acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), such as aspirin and ibuprofen.

Refers to positive pressure ventilation delivered through a noninvasive interface (nasal mask, facemask, or nasal plugs), rather than an invasive interface (endotracheal tube, tracheostomy)

Detergents which do not contain enzymes.

Foreign debris (lint, powder, hair, suture fragment, dust, air bubbles, or chemical constituent (endotoxin, snake venom) or implants such as mechanical hearts.

Receptors that transmit pain sensation.

Pertaining to a neural receptor for painful stimuli.

Capable of appreciation or transmission of pain; of, induced by, or responding to a nociceptive (painful, injurious) stimulus.

The neural process of encoding noxious stimuli.

Nitrous Oxide

National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance